1 Samuel 14:19

Authorized King James Version

And it came to pass, while Saul talked unto the priest, that the noise that was in the host of the Philistines went on and increased: and Saul said unto the priest, Withdraw thine hand.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִ֗י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
עַ֣ד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#3
דִּבֶּ֤ר
talked
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#4
שָׁא֛וּל
And it came to pass while Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#5
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#6
הַכֹּהֵ֖ן
unto the priest
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
#7
וְהֶֽהָמ֗וֹן
that the noise
a noise, tumult, crowd; also disquietude, wealth
#8
אֲשֶׁר֙
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#9
בְּמַֽחֲנֵ֣ה
that was in the host
an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or e
#10
פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים
of the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#11
וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ
went
to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
#12
הָל֖וֹךְ
on
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#13
וָרָ֑ב
and increased
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
#14
וַיֹּ֧אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#15
שָׁא֛וּל
And it came to pass while Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#16
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#17
הַכֹּהֵ֖ן
unto the priest
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
#18
אֱסֹ֥ף
Withdraw
to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e., remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)
#19
יָדֶֽךָ׃
thine hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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